Folks over at TechPowerUP have been able to confirm the difference between Turing GPU variants.
NVIDIA TU102-300 vs TU102-300A
This is something that we have been discussing for a while, ever since the first disassembly was made at GeForce event in Cologne. What does the A stand for in GPU codenames? Is it an indicator that new smaller node will be implemented in the future (B-variants), or is this something else?
According to TPU sources, the A variants (such as TU102-300A) are meant for higher-spec models, such as factory-overclocked STRIX, GAMING X TRIO or even Founders Edition cards. Meanwhile, the TU102-300 (non-A) variants are meant for non-overclocked models (think of ASUS TURBO).
What this means is that non-A variants cannot be factory-overclocked by Add-in-Board partners. This means that A variants are pre-binned for higher specs, better overclocking, power efficiency and such.
NVIDIA has differentiated the GPUs by providing separate IDs for A and non-A GPU variants in their latest driver (available only for the press):
nv.dispi.inf from GeForce 411.51 driver (released under NDA)
Source: TechPowerUP, Expreview (TU102 picture)